– Recommendations for policy and regulatory actions
– Strategic plans
– Sector reform and regulation
– Identification of barriers hindering the achievement of wanted goals and tailoring measures to overcome the barriers
– Formulation of legal framework and instruments
– Institutional development.

Countries of experience: Cambodia, Denmark, Ghana, Kenya, Laos, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Vietnam.

Regions of experience: Asia, South-East Asia (ASEAN), East Africa, Nile Equatorial Basin.

Download selected references: JBref Policies and Strategies 121026

• Integrated resource planning
• Analyses of historic trends, forecasting and scenarios
• Utility expansion plans
• Regional trade and infrastructure development
• National action plans for technological development
• Technical, economic, environmental and social assessments of new energy installations
• Design of sector programmes for donor institutions` assistance to developing countries
• Focus areas: Electricity sector; renewable energy.

Download selected references:

• JBref Planning 121026
• JBref Design of donor programmes and projects 121026

Development of appropriate means for market opening. Institutional development.

Countries of experience: Denmark, Estonia, Ghana, South Africa, Swaziland.

Regions of experience: South-East Asia (ASEAN).

Download selected references: JBref Energy Sector regulation 121026

Sector reform: Analysis of reform process; institutional development of regulators (incl. development of regulatory tools); dedicated market niches for green electricity; third-party access (independent power producers); power balancing in market-based systems.

Thermal power engineering: Process layout; comparative analyses of technologies.

Combined heat and power production: Feasibility studies; transfer of technologies to developing countries.

Renewable electricity: Biomass technologies; wind turbine technologies; solar energy technologies; development and implementation of national programmes; evaluation of RD&D applications; identify, rank and mitigate barriers for the introduction of renewable energy generators in market-based systems; institutional development.

Tariffs: Poverty and social impact analysis; tradable certificates; power purchase agreements.

Cross-border interconnections: Comparative analysis of feasible expansions.

Selected references:

• Independent reviewer on the Strategic/Sectoral Social and Environmental Assessment of Power Development Options in the Nile Equatorial Basin. World Bank, 2004-2005.
• Energy technology catalogues used for national electricity planning. Danish Energy Authority, 2003 and 2004.
• Strategy for the World Bank`s assistance to the energy sector in Ghana. Some of the focus areas were power sector reform and cross-border electricity connections. 2003-2004.
• Green electricity for the World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg 2002. The objective was to provide the venues of the Summit with electricity generated from renewable energy using green certificates.
• Capacity development on integrated resource planning in the electricity sector. Ghana 2002, Malaysia 2001, and Swaziland (2000-2002).
• Integrated gas and electricity study in the Baltic Sea Region. Electricity expert. 2000-2001.
• Renewable energy independent power producers, South Africa. Identification of barriers for the successful development of renewable energy IPPs in a market-based electricity system and means to overcome those barriers. 2000.
• Head of the Unit for Combined Heat and Power Production, Danish Energy Agency (1986-1990).

Refer also to the theme ‘Technology development programmes’.

Countries of experience: Denmark, India, Nigeria, Poland, South Africa, Tanzania.

Regions of experience: South-East Asia (ASEAN).

Download selected references: JBref Generation of electricity and heat

Countries of experience:

– Denmark, Poland, Russia, Cambodia, India, Kenya, Laos, Malaysia, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, Vietnam.

Regions of experience:

– European Union, Nordic Countries, OECD Countries. ASEAN countries.

Download selected references for developed countries: JBref Renewable energy Developed countries 121026

and for developing countries: JBref Renewable energy Developing countries 121026

– The full project cycle of the JI/CDM component of a project: Identification and screening of most suitable projects at national level; evaluation of project proposals; preparing Project Idea Notes; preparing Project Design Documents (incl. baseline studies and monitoring and verification plans); developing new methodologies; elaborating Letters of Intent, Letters of Endorsement, Emission Reduction Purchase Agreements. Management of overall project development.
– Countries of experience: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, South Africa, Uzbekistan.
– Technologies: Biogas from animal manure; district heating; energy efficiency in industry; fertilizer industry (laughing gas); associated gas flaring; hydropower; landfill gas; natural gas distribution; power plants.

Besides:

– Pre-feasibility studies and training in JI/CDM procedures and modalities.
– Monitoring and reporting greenhouse gasses at national level.
– Local planning of climate change activities.

Download selected references: JBref Climate change 121026

Download selected references: JBref Technology development programmes 121026